CMC-CARBOXYMETHYL CELLULOSE
Carboxymethyl cellulose or cellulose gum is a cellulose derivative with carboxymethyl groups attached to some hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers that make up the cellulose backbone. Usually the sodium salt is used as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.
CMC is an excellent film-forming chemical and color-fixing structure, applied as glaze and overglaze of ceramic tiles. Since glaze is unstable suspension liquid, easy to precipitate and thixotropic, the use of CMC components can strengthen the glaze and empty binder powder.
Ceramic in the Ceramic Industry, the special type of Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose of the green body helps to significantly increase the plasticity of the pug and the bending strength of the greenware bodies as well as reduce the breakage rate of the greenware bodies.
Sodium Carboxymethyl cellulose can also act as a moisture converter in porous ceramics.
TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Titanium dioxide, also known as titanium (IV) oxide or titania, is naturally occurring titanium oxide, chemical formula TiO₂.
Titania (TiO2) is a white oxide ceramic and comes in three crystal forms: 1. Rutile with a quadrilateral structure, 2. anatase, also quadrangular, and 3. brookite with orthorhombic structure.
In ceramic glazes, titanium dioxide acts as an opacifier and forms the seeds for crystal formation. It is used as a tattoo pigment and in stiptic pencils. Titanium dioxide is produced for the cosmetics industry in varying particle sizes, dispersible in oil and water and in specific grades.
Titanium dioxide provides variegation and crystallization in the color and texture of ceramic glazes. It also prevents pollutants such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides and carbon monoxide from affecting ceramic products.
KAOLIN
The main use of kaolin is in the ceramic industry.
Kaolin is one of the basic materials in the tile, porcelain and ceramic industry. Kaolin is used in white-bodied, insulated and refractory ceramic products. Kaolin helps to precisely control the mold, drying power, dimensional stability and create a smooth final surface on the product. Its excellent dielectric properties and high chemical penetration make it suitable for electrical insulators. The refractory properties of this material include dimensional stability, high melting point, low water content, which makes kaolin an important component of this industry.
FELDSPAT
Feldspars are a group of rock-forming tectosilicate minerals that make up about ‘of the Earth’s continental crust by weight. Feldspars crystallize from magma as both intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks and are also found in many types of metamorphic rocks.
In most cases, potassium feldspar is used as the main material for making ceramics and to help with melting, while sodium feldspar is used in the preparation of glass and glazes. The aluminum in feldspars replaces some of the silica in glass, increasing its physical resistance to objects, bending and sudden heat.
BENTONITE
Bentonite is an absorbent aluminum phyllosilicate clay composed mostly of montmorillonite. One of the first finds of bentonite was in the Cretaceous Benton Shale near Rock River, Wyoming.
Bentonite is characterized by its softness, swelling property, colloidal and good mixing with water, kneading, plasticity, adhesion and adhesion, adsorption, etc. It has many uses due to its properties.